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PowerPoint:

Spina Bifida and Muscular Dystrophy

This presentation examines the characteristics, causes, diagnosis, and early intervention strategies for two major congenital and genetic conditions affecting infants and young children. It explains how spina bifida, a neural tube defect, develops when the spinal column fails to close properly, outlining its three main types—occulta, meningocele, and myelomeningocele—and the genetic, nutritional, and environmental risk factors involved. The presentation also explores muscular dystrophy, particularly Duchenne and congenital forms, describing its genetic origins, progressive muscle weakness, and stages of physical decline. Learners engage in diagnostic simulations, role-play activities, and family-centered planning to connect medical information with early childhood intervention practices. Emphasizing interdisciplinary teamwork, rehabilitation, and inclusive education, the module highlights how coordinated supports from educators, therapists, and families improve outcomes for children with physical disabilities.